UK Food Labelling Regulations: A Complete Guide for Restaurants, Cafes & Food Businesses (2026)

Running a food business in the UK comes with a long list of responsibilities, and food labelling sits firmly at the top. Whether you operate a busy restaurant in London, a neighbourhood cafe in Surrey, or a food production unit supplying retail outlets, getting your labelling right is not optional. It is a legal requirement, and failure to comply can result in enforcement action, financial penalties, and lasting damage to your reputation.

We work with food businesses across the UK to cut through the complexity of food safety legislation and turn it into clear, practical action. In this guide, we break down everything you need to know about UK food labelling regulations in 2026, covering allergen requirements, Natasha's Law, calorie labelling, prepacked food rules, and the latest updates from the Food Standards Agency (FSA).

1Why UK Food Labelling Regulations Matter More Than Ever

The landscape of food labelling in the UK has shifted considerably in recent years. Following Brexit, the UK retained and adapted much of the EU's food information legislation under the Food Information for Consumers (FIC) Regulations, but has since introduced domestic updates that all food businesses must understand. In 2026, regulators are enforcing these rules more rigorously than at any previous point.

The Food Standards Agency and local environmental health officers carry out routine inspections and increasingly use best practice guidance as a benchmark when assessing compliance. Non-compliance does not simply result in a quiet warning. Businesses can face improvement notices, fines, and in serious cases, prosecution.

For consumers, the stakes are even higher. Around two million people in the UK live with a food allergy, and severe allergic reactions frequently occur when people eat outside the home. Accurate, accessible labelling is quite literally a matter of life and death for many of your customers.

This is precisely why we do not treat compliance as a box-ticking exercise. We help our clients build labelling systems that genuinely protect people and strengthen trust in their brand.

2The Legal Framework: Which Regulations Apply to Your Business?

UK food labelling requirements are governed by a combination of retained EU legislation and domestic law. The primary frameworks you need to know are:

  • The Food Information (Amendment) (England) Regulations 2019 (Natasha's Law)
  • The Food Information for Consumers (FIC) Regulations (retained EU Regulation 1169/2011)
  • The Calorie Labelling (Out of Home Sector) (England) Regulations 2021
  • The Food Safety and Hygiene (England) Regulations 2013
  • FSA Best Practice Guidance on Allergen Communication (updated March 2025)

These regulations apply across different categories of food businesses. Whether you prepare food for immediate consumption on site, package it for direct sale, or supply it through a third-party retailer, at least one of these frameworks will apply to your operations. Understanding which rules apply to which category of food is the first step towards full compliance.

Our team has extensive experience in helping businesses identify exactly where they stand under each of these frameworks and building compliance structures that are practical to maintain on a day-to-day basis.

3Natasha's Law: What Every Food Business Must Know

Natasha's Law came into force in October 2021, but its implications continue to shape how food businesses approach prepacked food labelling. Named after Natasha Ednan-Laperouse, who died after suffering an allergic reaction to a baguette that lacked adequate allergen labelling, the law changed the rules for prepacked food for direct sale (PPDS).

What Is PPDS Food?

Prepacked for Direct Sale (PPDS) food is food that is packaged at the same premises where it is sold to the consumer. This includes:

  • Sandwiches, salads, or wraps prepared and wrapped in a cafe before being placed in a display cabinet for sale
  • Pastries or baked goods packaged on the bakery premises ready for sale
  • Food packaged at a business premises and sold at a mobile site, market stall, or food truck run by the same business

What Must PPDS Labels Include?

Under Natasha's Law, all PPDS food must carry a label showing:

  • The name of the food
  • A full list of ingredients, with any of the 14 major allergens clearly emphasised, typically in bold
Example: A compliant PPDS label
Chicken and Bacon Sandwich
Ingredients: Bread (Wheat), Chicken Breast, Bacon, Mayonnaise (Egg, Mustard), Lettuce, Tomato, Salt, Black Pepper
Allergens are bolded directly within the ingredients list, not just listed separately underneath. This is the format environmental health officers expect to see.

This was a significant change from the previous position, where PPDS food only needed to show the name of the food. Businesses that had relied on verbal communication with customers to convey allergen information could no longer do so as the sole method of compliance.

If your business prepares and packages food on the same premises where it is sold, your labelling must now meet this higher standard. At Foodsure, we help businesses implement practical PPDS labelling systems that are easy to manage, whether you produce a handful of products each day or a large and varied menu.

4The 14 Major Allergens: A Non-Negotiable Requirement

Under UK food law, all 14 major allergens must be declared when they are used as an ingredient in food. These allergens are:

AllergenCommon Sources
CelerySoups, sauces, celery salt, some spice mixes
Cereals containing glutenWheat, rye, barley, oats and products such as bread, pasta, pastry
CrustaceansPrawns, crab, lobster, crayfish
EggsCakes, mayonnaise, pasta, quiches, sauces
FishPizzas, relishes, salad dressings, sauces, stock
LupinFlour and seeds used in bread and pastries
MilkButter, cheese, cream, ice cream, yoghurt
MolluscsMussels, oysters, squid, clams
MustardSalad dressings, marinades, some sauces
Nuts (tree nuts)Almonds, cashews, hazelnuts, pecans, pistachios, walnuts
PeanutsGroundnut oil, peanut butter, sauces
Sesame seedsBread, breadsticks, hummus, sesame oil
SoyaBean curd, edamame, miso, soy sauce, tofu
Sulphur dioxide and sulphitesDried fruits, meat products, soft drinks, wine and beer (above 10 mg/kg or per litre)

For restaurants and cafes serving non-prepacked food, which is food prepared fresh to order, you must provide allergen information either in writing on the menu or via a clearly signposted written reference document.

Since March 2025, the FSA has updated its best practice guidance to push businesses firmly towards written allergen information rather than relying solely on verbal communication at point of sale. While technically guidance rather than law, environmental health officers increasingly treat this as a compliance benchmark during inspections.

We support businesses in developing allergen management systems that go beyond the bare minimum, helping you put accurate, accessible information in front of your customers at every touchpoint.

5Calorie Labelling for Out-of-Home Food Businesses

Since April 2022, the Calorie Labelling (Out of Home Sector) (England) Regulations 2021 have required qualifying businesses to display calorie information at the point of choice. As of 2026, these requirements remain in force and are actively enforced.

Who Must Comply?

The calorie labelling rules currently apply to businesses with 250 or more employees operating in the out-of-home food sector in England. This includes:

  • Restaurant and cafe chains
  • Takeaway operators
  • Cafeterias and canteens in public sector settings
  • Supermarkets and convenience stores with food-to-go counters

What Must Be Displayed?

Qualifying businesses must display the calorific content of each food item at the point of choice, whether that is on a printed menu, an electronic display, a blackboard, or a self-service counter. The calorie count must reference the relevant portion size. For variable items such as build-your-own meals, a calorie range or average value is acceptable.

Temporary menu items available for fewer than 30 days per year are exempt, as are special requests and bespoke off-menu orders. The Government has committed to reviewing the 2026 regulations with a view to potentially extending calorie labelling requirements to smaller businesses. Non-compliance can result in fines of up to 2,500 pounds, following an initial improvement notice.

6Labelling Requirements for Fully Prepacked Food

If your business produces or sells fully prepacked food, meaning food that is packaged before it reaches the point of sale and is not opened or altered before purchase, you are subject to a broader set of mandatory labelling requirements under the retained FIC Regulations.

A fully compliant label for prepacked food must include:

  • The name of the food
  • A full ingredients list, with allergens emphasised
  • Net quantity or weight
  • Best before or use by date
  • Any special storage conditions
  • Name and address of the food business operator
  • Country or place of origin, where required
  • Instructions for use, where necessary
  • Nutrition declaration (per 100g or per 100ml, and optionally per portion)
  • A lot or batch mark for traceability

The nutrition declaration must be presented in a specific tabular format and include energy value in kilojoules and kilocalories, together with the amounts of fat, saturates, carbohydrate, sugars, protein, and salt. This requirement has been mandatory for prepacked foods since December 2016 and remains unchanged.

Getting these labels right requires both technical knowledge and practical systems. Our team works directly with food producers to review existing labels, identify gaps, and ensure that everything from ingredient declarations to font size meets regulatory standards.

7HFSS Regulations and What They Mean for Your Business in 2026

From 2026, the UK is implementing tougher restrictions on high fat, salt, and sugar (HFSS) food products under the Health and Care Act 2022. These regulations affect how certain products can be promoted and advertised, particularly in out-of-home food settings.

The restrictions target 13 specific product categories that meet a defined nutritional threshold. Many dishes commonly served in restaurants, cafes, and pubs fall outside these categories entirely.

However, if your business actively promotes products that qualify as less healthy under the two-part nutritional test set out in the 2024 Regulations, you will need to review how those products are featured in your marketing.

From 1 October 2025, qualifying food businesses in England can no longer offer free refills of sugary soft drinks as part of promotions under the HFSS regulations. Sugar-free or non-HFSS drinks are not affected. Scotland is expected to follow with equivalent measures.

Staying on top of evolving HFSS requirements requires an ongoing compliance programme rather than a one-off review. This is exactly the kind of proactive risk management our audit and consultancy services are designed to support.

8Common Labelling Mistakes Food Businesses Make

Even well-intentioned businesses can fall foul of labelling regulations. The most frequent issues our consultants encounter include:

  • Allergens not emphasised in ingredient lists (e.g. not bolded or underlined)
  • PPDS products carrying only the food name without a full ingredient list
  • Calorie information missing from qualifying business menus
  • Use of 'may contain' disclaimers as a substitute for proper allergen declaration
  • Outdated labels not reflecting recipe changes
  • Illegible font sizes that fall below the minimum 1.2mm x-height requirement
  • Missing business operator name and address on fully prepacked labels
  • Staff relying solely on verbal allergen communication without written backup

Many of these errors arise not from negligence but from a lack of awareness or from systems that have not kept pace with regulatory changes. A structured compliance audit can identify these gaps before an environmental health inspection does.

9Food Labelling Compliance Checklist

Use this as a quick self-check before your next inspection:

  • All 14 major allergens identified across your full menu or product range
  • Allergens emphasised (bold, underline, or colour) within ingredients lists, not just listed separately
  • PPDS products carry full ingredient labels, not just a product name
  • Non-prepacked menu items have written allergen information available, not just verbal
  • Calorie information displayed at point of choice, if your business has 250+ employees
  • Prepacked food labels include net quantity, dates, storage instructions, and business address
  • Nutrition declaration presented in the correct tabular format
  • Font sizes meet the 1.2mm x-height minimum
  • Labels updated to reflect the most recent recipe or supplier changes
  • HFSS promotional rules reviewed if you market any of the 13 restricted product categories

We also offer food safety training programmes accredited by CIEH, covering everything from Level 1 introductory food hygiene to Level 3 and Level 4 programmes for managers and supervisors. Whether your team is just starting out or needs to deepen its understanding of HACCP and food safety management systems, we have a programme to match.

We understand that running a food business is demanding, and compliance can feel like an additional burden on top of everything else. Our job is to make it manageable. We translate complex regulations into straightforward action plans, so you can focus on what you do best, which is serving great food with confidence.

?Frequently Asked Questions

Does Natasha's Law apply to my restaurant?
Natasha's Law applies specifically to prepacked for direct sale (PPDS) food, which is food packaged on the same premises where it is sold. If your restaurant prepares and packages food before it is placed out for sale, such as wrapped sandwiches or pre-portioned items in a display cabinet, Natasha's Law applies and you must label with a full ingredient list showing allergens in bold. Food freshly prepared to order and served directly to customers is classified as non-prepacked and is subject to different but equally important allergen communication requirements.
Are small cafes and independent restaurants required to display calorie information?
Currently, mandatory calorie labelling applies only to businesses with 250 or more employees in England. Smaller businesses are encouraged to adopt calorie labelling on a voluntary basis. However, the Government has committed to a regulatory review in 2026 that may extend these requirements to smaller establishments. It is worth preparing your systems now rather than waiting for legislation to formally require it.
What are the penalties for non-compliance with allergen labelling regulations?
Penalties vary depending on the nature and severity of the breach. Environmental health officers can issue improvement notices requiring corrective action within a specified timeframe. Continued non-compliance can result in fines and, in cases where allergen labelling failures lead to consumer harm, potential prosecution. Reputational damage and loss of Food Hygiene Rating scores are also significant consequences that can affect your business long-term.
How must allergens be highlighted on a food label?
Allergens must be emphasised so they stand out from the rest of the ingredient list. The most common method is to print allergen names in bold, though underlining, italics, or a contrasting colour are also acceptable. The key requirement is that the allergen is clearly distinguishable from surrounding text. Simply listing allergens in a separate summary box without emphasising them within the full ingredients list does not meet the regulatory requirement.
What is the difference between a best before date and a use by date?
A use by date relates to food safety. It indicates the date after which food should not be consumed, regardless of its appearance or smell. Foods with a use by date are typically perishable and carry a food safety risk if consumed past this date.

A best before date relates to food quality rather than safety. It indicates when a food is likely to be at its best in terms of taste, texture, and nutritional value, but it is generally safe to consume after this date, though quality may have declined. Both dates must be accurate and clearly displayed on prepacked food labels.

How We Can Help Your Business Stay Compliant

We have built our reputation helping food businesses across London, Surrey, Kent, and Buckinghamshire navigate food safety and labelling compliance. Our services include:

  • Label review and audits for restaurants, cafes, takeaways, and food producers
  • PPDS compliance support, including label design under Natasha's Law
  • Allergen management systems and staff training
  • Nutrition and calorie labelling support for qualifying businesses
  • CIEH-accredited food safety training, from Level 1 through to Level 3 and 4
  • Pre-inspection reviews to catch compliance gaps before an environmental health officer does

Running a food business is demanding enough without chasing regulation changes. We turn the legislation into a clear action plan so you can focus on the food.

Need Help With Food Labelling Compliance?

Contact us today for a consultation.

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